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INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an essential surgical management modality for patients with coronary artery disease. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become important because of the significant decrease in the mortality rate associated with CABG. We aimed to explore the factors that affect the quality of life after CABG. METHODS: This study used a descriptive correlational design to assess the determinants of HRQoL using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). Patients who underwent CABG at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between March 2015 and December 2021 were enrolled in this study. Overall, 275 participants were eligible for our study, of which 84 were found to be valid for analysis. Phone contacts were made directly with the patient after briefly explaining the study. Scores and clinical data were investigated using multivariable linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Subscales of role limitations due to physical issues had the lowest mean scores, followed by vitality and general health (57.4 ± 44.7; 60.4 ± 25.6; 64.1 ± 22.6), respectively. However, social functioning (78.9 ± 29.0) and pain (75.1 ± 29.9) had the highest scores of all subscales. A history of congestive heart failure (CHF) was independently associated with lower scores for physical role limitations (p = 0.021), vitality (p = 0.001), general health (p< 0.001), and mental health (p = 0.011). Lower mental health scores were also predicted by being a widow (p = 0.030), whereas lower general health scores were predicted by being unemployed (p = 0.001) and having a peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (p = 0.043). Additionally, the development of postoperative complications was an independent predictor of lower physical functioning (p = 0.028) and vitality (p = 0.043). Regarding the number of grafts, cardiopulmonary bypass, and cross-clamp time, no significant impact was found on any of the SF-36 subscales (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: The postoperative decline in HRQoL was attributed to comorbidities such as CHF and PVD, postoperative complications including bleeding and wound infection, as well as unemployment and widowed status. Therefore, choosing the appropriate patients for surgery and post-discharge follow-up may enhance HRQoL.
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OBJECTIVES: To assess and compare the Caprini and Padua risk assessment models (RAMs) for predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 28 VTE and 450 non-VTE patients hospitalized at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in 2019. Their baseline medical, demographic, and radiological reports were recorded. We compared Caprini scores (defined at admission) and Padua scores (calculated retrospectively) for their ability to predict VTE. A cumulative risk score was created by adding the individual scores for each risk factor. We also analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the RAM scores. RESULTS: Major differences in risk factors were shown between patients with and without VTE. Previous VTE was significantly associated with a higher risk of VTE (28.6%), as was reduced mobility (57.1%), acute infection (25%), high Caprini score (50%), and high Padua score (64.3%, p<0.05). The sensitivity of the Caprini score (96%) was higher than that of the Padua score (64.3%), as was the specificity (92.1% vs. 46.9%), positive predictive value (93% vs. 7%), and accuracy (94.1% vs. 47.9%). The specificity of the Caprini score was higher than that of the Padua score in Critical Care, Gynecology/Obstetrics, and Surgical departments. The Caprini RAM showed the lowest level of specificity in the medical department. CONCLUSION: The Caprini RAM demonstrated higher sensitivity, specificity, and predictive accuracy than did the Padua RAM and thus distinguished low and high VTE risk in hospitalized patients.
